Western civilization grew up with man and wolf side by side hunting prey. We brought cats into our homes, and we bred horses to carry us in battle. Everywhere we have traveled, we have always sought the smartest and most useful of the animals and made them our companions. Our partners. Our friends. This is an ingrained part of our culture. So of course we would seek to make them as smart as us once we had the knowledge to do so. We have always wanted to have intelligent conversations with the friends that spend so much time with us. To us, it was natural to uplift them. The Shang did not see it that way.