Jack of Harts

The Crusades and the Reconquista of Spain put an end to the Islamic invasions of Europe and the desperate fight for cultural survival that they represented. The wars of the next few centuries revolved around the English-French squabble for European supremacy. They created a ritualized war where armies lined up on the field of battle and shot each other until one side surrendered or retreated. Flags changed but the people remained. World War II changed everything.