The Twenty-Second Amendment instituted a two-term limit on the Presidency. Term limits had been considered back when the Constitution was written, but did not make the final cut even though most of the signers agreed with the basic idea of the Presidency rotating through people. George Washington set the tradition of only serving two terms, and almost every President after him followed that tradition, either willingly or unwillingly. FDR of course did not follow it and won election four times. After he died and WWII ended, there was a quick push to pass an amendment to make certain another life-time tenured Presidency did not happen.
The Twenty-Sixth Amendment was another one that focused on changing the voting electorate. Previous amendments addressed race or sex. This one age. The minimum voting age in America was 21 at the time. It was argued that it was unfair to draft boys at 18 but not allow them to vote until they were 21. This amendment addressed that argument and changed the minimum voting age to 18.
The Twenty-First Amendment is both a simple and a complicated amendment. To put it simply, it repealed the eighteenth amendment that made it illegal to make or ship alcohol. It is however the only amendment approved by State ratifying conventions assembled purely to vote on this amendment, rather than the legislatures of the various States. It is the also the only amendment that repeals another amendment. Though there are other amendments that changed or erased parts of the original Constitution. This amendment is an example of how the Constitution can change and adapt over time. To admit that sometimes we got things wrong. This is one of the reasons that the Constitution has lasted so long.
The Twentieth Amendment to the US Constitution actually showcased how the industrial revolution changed politics in the United States. Back when the Constitution was ratified, it could take months for new Federally elected individuals to travel from their home States to the capital. The creation of nation-wide railroads and the automobile roads would change that drastically, and by the 1930s there was a significant gap between the election in November and the start of the new terms in March that was not needed for travel times. This Amendment therefore changed the Congressional terms to end on January 3, and required that the new Congress have its first session on that same date. We all know now that it is on January 6th that this NEW Congress counts the delegates for the Presidency, and this Amendment changed Presidential term to ending on January 20th. There were also a number of clarifications on Presidential Successions and how to handle the issue of an unqualified person getting the most votes. If for examples the President-Elect died, was too young, or not born in America, the Vice-President-Elect would become the Acting President until Congress managed to clear the relevant issues up.
The Nineteenth Amendment was another Wilson-era amendment to the US Constitution. It made it illegal to deny the vote in the United States, or any of the States, based on sex. Many States banned women from voting at the time, so this effectively gave women the right to vote. It was not quick though. The “Susan B. Anthony Amendment” failed many times over many years in Congress before the Senate finally passed it with 56 votes in 1919, 36 Republicans and 20 Democrats. 17 Dems and 8 Reps opposed it, and another combined 14 did not register votes. Many States continued to try to limit their vote for years to come, and it took a long campaign and many court cases to make the amendment stick in reality as well as on paper.